GS-QA2 benchmark leaderboard
Spatial data reasoning over map and elevation data: 245 tasks from GS-QA2, run by Axis Spatial with the same agent and limits for every model. Joining the Geospatial Agent Index; not yet counted in it. GS-QA2 Balanced-245 asks questions about places and terrain in the United States over map and elevation data, answered by querying a database in the sandbox and checked by code against the source's reference query. The 245 questions are a balanced sample: up to 5 from each of 49 question templates, drawn with a fixed seed (20261011), and the score averages over templates first. 31 of 48 entries have results on it so far, 27 with a first attempt on every question. It will count as the third component of the Geospatial Agent Index, equally weighted with the other two, once the remaining runs are complete; entries without it will then be listed as partial coverage. Until then its scores are published on its own page and do not change the index.
Models48 of 48 models
Score
GS-QA2 score
Average pass@1 over its tasks, 0 to 100 · Higher is better
- Planned attempts still to come
How to read this chart
What this metric means. For each task, the share of a model's attempts that passed every check; then the average over the tasks. Tasks with no decided attempt yet are left out.
Data table: GS-QA2 score
| Model | Creator | GS-QA2 score | Range while attempts are pending | Coverage (attempts) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Terminus-2 – Claude Sonnet 4.6 (adaptive, effort high) | Anthropic | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – DeepSeek V4 Flash (max) | DeepSeek | 72 | No pending judgements; coverage incomplete; 152 results awaiting review | 213 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – DeepSeek V4 Flash (high) | DeepSeek | 72 | No pending judgements; 176 results awaiting review | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – DeepSeek V4 Pro (high) | DeepSeek | 70 | No pending judgements; 172 results awaiting review | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – Gemini 3.1 Flash-Lite (low) | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts | |
| Terminus-2 – Gemini 3.1 Flash-Lite (minimal) | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts | |
| Terminus-2 – Gemini 3.1 Flash-Lite (high) | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts | |
| Terminus-2 – Gemini 3.1 Pro (preview) (low) | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts | |
| Terminus-2 – Gemini 3.1 Pro (preview) (high) | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts | |
| Terminus-2 – Gemini 3.8 Flash (high) | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts | |
| Terminus-2 – Gemini 3.8 Flash (low) | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts | |
| Terminus-2 – Gemma 4 26B A4B (thinking on) | 53 | No pending judgements; 130 results awaiting review | 245 of 245 planned attempts | |
| Terminus-2 – GLM-4.7-Flash (thinking on) | Z.ai | 41 | No pending judgements; 101 results awaiting review | 245 of 245 planned attempts (1 excluded) |
| Terminus-2 – GLM-5.2 (high) | Z.ai | 72 | No pending judgements; 177 results awaiting review | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – GLM-5.2 (none) | Z.ai | 66 | No pending judgements; 161 results awaiting review | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – GLM-5.2 (max) | Z.ai | 73 | No pending judgements; 178 results awaiting review | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – GLM-5.3-Flash (low) | Z.ai | 55 | No pending judgements; coverage incomplete; 6 results awaiting review | 11 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – GLM-5.3-Flash (max) | Z.ai | 50 | No pending judgements; coverage incomplete; 4 results awaiting review | 8 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – GLM-5.3 (low) | Z.ai | 73 | No pending judgements; 180 results awaiting review | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – GLM-5.3 (max, default) | Z.ai | 76 | No pending judgements; 185 results awaiting review | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – gpt-oss-120b (low) | OpenAI | 27 | No pending judgements; 65 results awaiting review | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – gpt-oss-120b (high) | OpenAI | 37 | No pending judgements; 90 results awaiting review | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – gpt-oss-20b (high) | OpenAI | 26 | No pending judgements; 64 results awaiting review | 245 of 245 planned attempts (5 excluded) |
| Terminus-2 – Kimi K2.6 (always on) | Moonshot AI | 69 | No pending judgements; 170 results awaiting review | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – Kimi K2.7 Code (always on) | Moonshot AI | 74 | No pending judgements; 182 results awaiting review | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – Kimi K3 (always on) | Moonshot AI | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – Llama 3.3 70B (Non-reasoning) | Meta | 10 | No pending judgements; 24 results awaiting review | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – Qwen 3.8 27B (xhigh) | Alibaba (Qwen) | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Haiku 4.5 (thinking 32k) | Anthropic | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Kimi Code – Kimi K2.6 (always on) | Moonshot AI | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Kimi Code – Kimi K2.7 Code (always on) | Moonshot AI | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Opus 5.5 (medium) | Anthropic | 82 | No pending judgements; 201 results awaiting review | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Opus 5.5 (high) | Anthropic | 83 | No pending judgements; 203 results awaiting review | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Sonnet 5.5 (medium) | Anthropic | 73 | No pending judgements; 178 results awaiting review | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Sonnet 5.5 (high) | Anthropic | 76 | No pending judgements; 186 results awaiting review | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Haiku 5.5 (medium) | Anthropic | 72 | No pending judgements; 177 results awaiting review | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Haiku 5.5 (high) | Anthropic | 76 | No pending judgements; 187 results awaiting review | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Opus 5.5 (xhigh) | Anthropic | 85 | No pending judgements; 209 results awaiting review | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Sonnet 5.5 (xhigh) | Anthropic | 80 | No pending judgements; 196 results awaiting review | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Haiku 5.5 (xhigh) | Anthropic | 75 | No pending judgements; 184 results awaiting review | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Opus 5 (high) | Anthropic | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Sonnet 5 (high) | Anthropic | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Opus 4.8 (high) | Anthropic | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Opus 4.7 (high) | Anthropic | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Codex – GPT-6.1 Sol (medium) | OpenAI | 85 | No pending judgements; 208 results awaiting review | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Codex – GPT-6.1 Sol (high) | OpenAI | 84 | No pending judgements; coverage incomplete; 206 results awaiting review | 244 of 245 planned attempts (1 excluded) |
| Codex – GPT-6.1 Sol (xhigh) | OpenAI | 86 | No pending judgements; 211 results awaiting review | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Codex – GPT-6 Luna (xhigh) | OpenAI | 72 | No pending judgements; 177 results awaiting review | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
Token usage
GS-QA2: token usage per attempt
Average tokens per attempt · Lower is better
- Input (not cached)
- Cached input
- Output, including reasoning
- Partial coverage
How to read this chart
What this metric means. Average tokens per attempt, as reported by the provider: input the model read (split into new and cached input) and output it wrote, which includes its reasoning.
Compare with care. Models use different tokenisers, so the same text is a different number of tokens for different models. Use token counts to see how much work each model did, and cost to compare spending.
Data table: GS-QA2: token usage per attempt
| Model | Input (not cached) | Cached input | Output, including reasoning | Total | Coverage (attempts) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Terminus-2 – GLM-4.7-Flash (thinking on) | 532k | No data | 11k | 544k | 245 of 245 planned attempts (1 excluded) |
| Terminus-2 – GLM-5.3-Flash (low) | 141k | 140k | 14k | 295k | 11 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – GLM-5.3-Flash (max) | 155k | 118k | 18k | 290k | 8 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Haiku 5.5 (xhigh) | 14k | 233k | 6k | 252k | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – GLM-5.2 (max) | 30k | 196k | 22k | 247k | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Haiku 5.5 (high) | 11k | 189k | 4k | 203k | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – GLM-5.2 (high) | 23k | 148k | 15k | 186k | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Haiku 5.5 (medium) | 9k | 161k | 2k | 172k | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – Gemma 4 26B A4B (thinking on) | 49k | 99k | 21k | 170k | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – DeepSeek V4 Flash (high) | 16k | 130k | 18k | 164k | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – DeepSeek V4 Flash (max) | 14k | 110k | 18k | 142k | 213 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – GLM-5.2 (none) | 9k | 114k | 4k | 127k | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – GLM-5.3 (max, default) | 84k | 22k | 10k | 117k | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Codex – GPT-6 Luna (xhigh) | 17k | 94k | 3k | 115k | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – DeepSeek V4 Pro (high) | 75k | 24k | 13k | 112k | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – Kimi K2.6 (always on) | 8k | 91k | 7k | 106k | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – Kimi K2.7 Code (always on) | 7k | 91k | 6k | 104k | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Sonnet 5.5 (xhigh) | 8k | 92k | 2k | 102k | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Opus 5.5 (xhigh) | 8k | 91k | 2k | 100k | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – GLM-5.3 (low) | 66k | 23k | 6k | 95k | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Codex – GPT-6.1 Sol (xhigh) | 13k | 67k | 1k | 81k | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Opus 5.5 (high) | 6k | 73k | 1k | 80k | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Sonnet 5.5 (high) | 6k | 71k | 990 | 78k | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Codex – GPT-6.1 Sol (high) | 11k | 61k | 808 | 74k | 244 of 245 planned attempts (1 excluded) |
| Claude Code – Claude Opus 5.5 (medium) | 6k | 67k | 931 | 73k | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Codex – GPT-6.1 Sol (medium) | 11k | 57k | 628 | 68k | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Sonnet 5.5 (medium) | 5k | 62k | 789 | 68k | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – gpt-oss-120b (high) | 43k | No data | 20k | 62k | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – gpt-oss-20b (high) | 13k | No data | 45k | 58k | 245 of 245 planned attempts (5 excluded) |
| Terminus-2 – Llama 3.3 70B (Non-reasoning) | 49k | No data | 2k | 51k | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – gpt-oss-120b (low) | 6k | No data | 1k | 7k | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – Claude Sonnet 4.6 (adaptive, effort high) | No data | No data | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – Gemini 3.1 Flash-Lite (low) | No data | No data | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – Gemini 3.1 Flash-Lite (minimal) | No data | No data | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – Gemini 3.1 Flash-Lite (high) | No data | No data | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – Gemini 3.1 Pro (preview) (low) | No data | No data | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – Gemini 3.1 Pro (preview) (high) | No data | No data | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – Gemini 3.8 Flash (high) | No data | No data | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – Gemini 3.8 Flash (low) | No data | No data | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – Kimi K3 (always on) | No data | No data | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – Qwen 3.8 27B (xhigh) | No data | No data | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Haiku 4.5 (thinking 32k) | No data | No data | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Kimi Code – Kimi K2.6 (always on) | No data | No data | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Kimi Code – Kimi K2.7 Code (always on) | No data | No data | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Opus 5 (high) | No data | No data | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Sonnet 5 (high) | No data | No data | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Opus 4.8 (high) | No data | No data | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Opus 4.7 (high) | No data | No data | No data | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
Cost
GS-QA2: cost per task
Average cost per attempt (USD) · Lower is better
- Planned attempts still to come
How to read this chart
What cost is measuring. What one attempt at a task would cost if paid token by token at the provider's published API prices, averaged over attempts: ordinary input tokens, input tokens served from the provider's cache at the lower cached price, tokens written to the cache where the provider charges for that, and output tokens (thinking included). Cost assumes each harness uses the model's pay-per-token API, priced at public list rates; sandboxes and our own engineering time are not included. Failed attempts count too.
How to read this chart. Lower is better. Costs are pay-per-token list prices, not any discount or credit a customer might have.
Data table: GS-QA2: cost per task
| Model | Creator | GS-QA2: cost per task | Coverage (attempts) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Terminus-2 – Claude Sonnet 4.6 (adaptive, effort high) | Anthropic | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – DeepSeek V4 Flash (max) | DeepSeek | $0.031 | 213 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – DeepSeek V4 Flash (high) | DeepSeek | $0.033 | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – DeepSeek V4 Pro (high) | DeepSeek | $0.151 | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – Gemini 3.1 Flash-Lite (low) | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts | |
| Terminus-2 – Gemini 3.1 Flash-Lite (minimal) | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts | |
| Terminus-2 – Gemini 3.1 Flash-Lite (high) | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts | |
| Terminus-2 – Gemini 3.1 Pro (preview) (low) | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts | |
| Terminus-2 – Gemini 3.1 Pro (preview) (high) | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts | |
| Terminus-2 – Gemini 3.8 Flash (high) | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts | |
| Terminus-2 – Gemini 3.8 Flash (low) | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts | |
| Terminus-2 – Gemma 4 26B A4B (thinking on) | $0.021 | 245 of 245 planned attempts | |
| Terminus-2 – GLM-4.7-Flash (thinking on) | Z.ai | $0.037 | 245 of 245 planned attempts (1 excluded) |
| Terminus-2 – GLM-5.2 (high) | Z.ai | $0.138 | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – GLM-5.2 (none) | Z.ai | $0.061 | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – GLM-5.2 (max) | Z.ai | $0.188 | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – GLM-5.3-Flash (low) | Z.ai | $0.032 | 11 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – GLM-5.3-Flash (max) | Z.ai | $0.036 | 8 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – GLM-5.3 (low) | Z.ai | $0.126 | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – GLM-5.3 (max, default) | Z.ai | $0.169 | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – gpt-oss-120b (low) | OpenAI | $0.0030 | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – gpt-oss-120b (high) | OpenAI | $0.030 | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – gpt-oss-20b (high) | OpenAI | $0.016 | 244 of 245 planned attempts (5 excluded) |
| Terminus-2 – Kimi K2.6 (always on) | Moonshot AI | $0.050 | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – Kimi K2.7 Code (always on) | Moonshot AI | $0.049 | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – Kimi K3 (always on) | Moonshot AI | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – Llama 3.3 70B (Non-reasoning) | Meta | $0.019 | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – Qwen 3.8 27B (xhigh) | Alibaba (Qwen) | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Haiku 4.5 (thinking 32k) | Anthropic | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Kimi Code – Kimi K2.6 (always on) | Moonshot AI | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Kimi Code – Kimi K2.7 Code (always on) | Moonshot AI | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Opus 5.5 (medium) | Anthropic | $0.077 | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Opus 5.5 (high) | Anthropic | $0.085 | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Sonnet 5.5 (medium) | Anthropic | $0.035 | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Sonnet 5.5 (high) | Anthropic | $0.040 | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Haiku 5.5 (medium) | Anthropic | $0.0046 | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Haiku 5.5 (high) | Anthropic | $0.0059 | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Opus 5.5 (xhigh) | Anthropic | $0.120 | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Sonnet 5.5 (xhigh) | Anthropic | $0.059 | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Haiku 5.5 (xhigh) | Anthropic | $0.0080 | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Opus 5 (high) | Anthropic | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Sonnet 5 (high) | Anthropic | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Opus 4.8 (high) | Anthropic | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Opus 4.7 (high) | Anthropic | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Codex – GPT-6.1 Sol (medium) | OpenAI | $0.033 | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Codex – GPT-6.1 Sol (high) | OpenAI | $0.037 | 244 of 245 planned attempts (1 excluded) |
| Codex – GPT-6.1 Sol (xhigh) | OpenAI | $0.045 | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Codex – GPT-6 Luna (xhigh) | OpenAI | $0.0042 | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
Time
GS-QA2: time per task
Average agent wall time per attempt · Lower is better
- Planned attempts still to come
How to read this chart
What execution time is measuring. Agent wall time per attempt, from the agent's first model call to its last action: model thinking, waiting for the provider and running commands. Sandbox start-up and grading are not included.
How to read this chart. Lower is better. An attempt that reaches the task's time limit scores 0 and counts at the limit.
Data table: GS-QA2: time per task
| Model | Creator | GS-QA2: time per task | Coverage (attempts) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Terminus-2 – Claude Sonnet 4.6 (adaptive, effort high) | Anthropic | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – DeepSeek V4 Flash (max) | DeepSeek | 6.9 min | 213 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – DeepSeek V4 Flash (high) | DeepSeek | 7.2 min | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – DeepSeek V4 Pro (high) | DeepSeek | 5.3 min | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – Gemini 3.1 Flash-Lite (low) | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts | |
| Terminus-2 – Gemini 3.1 Flash-Lite (minimal) | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts | |
| Terminus-2 – Gemini 3.1 Flash-Lite (high) | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts | |
| Terminus-2 – Gemini 3.1 Pro (preview) (low) | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts | |
| Terminus-2 – Gemini 3.1 Pro (preview) (high) | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts | |
| Terminus-2 – Gemini 3.8 Flash (high) | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts | |
| Terminus-2 – Gemini 3.8 Flash (low) | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts | |
| Terminus-2 – Gemma 4 26B A4B (thinking on) | 9.5 min | 245 of 245 planned attempts | |
| Terminus-2 – GLM-4.7-Flash (thinking on) | Z.ai | 9.5 min | 245 of 245 planned attempts (1 excluded) |
| Terminus-2 – GLM-5.2 (high) | Z.ai | 2.9 min | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – GLM-5.2 (none) | Z.ai | 1.3 min | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – GLM-5.2 (max) | Z.ai | 4.7 min | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – GLM-5.3-Flash (low) | Z.ai | 10.4 min | 11 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – GLM-5.3-Flash (max) | Z.ai | 13.6 min | 8 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – GLM-5.3 (low) | Z.ai | 3.6 min | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – GLM-5.3 (max, default) | Z.ai | 5.1 min | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – gpt-oss-120b (low) | OpenAI | 0.5 min | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – gpt-oss-120b (high) | OpenAI | 6.1 min | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – gpt-oss-20b (high) | OpenAI | 10.5 min | 245 of 245 planned attempts (5 excluded) |
| Terminus-2 – Kimi K2.6 (always on) | Moonshot AI | 4.0 min | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – Kimi K2.7 Code (always on) | Moonshot AI | 4.4 min | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – Kimi K3 (always on) | Moonshot AI | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – Llama 3.3 70B (Non-reasoning) | Meta | 1.9 min | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Terminus-2 – Qwen 3.8 27B (xhigh) | Alibaba (Qwen) | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Haiku 4.5 (thinking 32k) | Anthropic | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Kimi Code – Kimi K2.6 (always on) | Moonshot AI | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Kimi Code – Kimi K2.7 Code (always on) | Moonshot AI | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Opus 5.5 (medium) | Anthropic | 0.5 min | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Opus 5.5 (high) | Anthropic | 0.6 min | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Sonnet 5.5 (medium) | Anthropic | 0.3 min | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Sonnet 5.5 (high) | Anthropic | 0.4 min | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Haiku 5.5 (medium) | Anthropic | 0.6 min | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Haiku 5.5 (high) | Anthropic | 0.8 min | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Opus 5.5 (xhigh) | Anthropic | 0.8 min | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Sonnet 5.5 (xhigh) | Anthropic | 0.6 min | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Haiku 5.5 (xhigh) | Anthropic | 0.9 min | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Opus 5 (high) | Anthropic | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Sonnet 5 (high) | Anthropic | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Opus 4.8 (high) | Anthropic | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Claude Code – Claude Opus 4.7 (high) | Anthropic | No data | 0 of 735 planned attempts |
| Codex – GPT-6.1 Sol (medium) | OpenAI | 0.8 min | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Codex – GPT-6.1 Sol (high) | OpenAI | 0.9 min | 244 of 245 planned attempts (1 excluded) |
| Codex – GPT-6.1 Sol (xhigh) | OpenAI | 1.1 min | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
| Codex – GPT-6 Luna (xhigh) | OpenAI | 1.5 min | 245 of 245 planned attempts |
Background
GS-QA2 asks questions about places and terrain in the United States over OpenStreetMap vector layers and ASTER elevation data: nearest features, directions, distances, counts, elevations, slopes and features that meet terrain conditions. Every question has an executable PostGIS reference query.
Here the agent gets the question and a PostGIS database holding the data it needs, in a sandbox without internet access, and writes its answer to a file. The checker reruns the reference query on the same data and applies the source benchmark's tolerances (for example 5 m for a location, 10 m for an elevation, 5° for a direction). We run a balanced sample, GS-QA2 Balanced-245: up to 5 questions from each of 49 of the release's 53 question templates, drawn with a fixed seed (20261011). Four templates are left out: two whose answer is a Wikipedia fact not in the data, and two that name roads without a place. The score averages over question templates first, so every kind of question weighs the same.
Licence: questions and answers ODbL 1.0. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, ODbL 1.0. Elevation: ASTER GDEM v3, a product of METI and NASA.
Published by Shang et al. (University of California, Riverside).
Related links
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